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Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
BD™ CompBeads can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover (Compensation). When fluorochrome conjugated antibodies are bound to BD CompBeads, they have spectral properties very similar to cells. However, for some fluorochromes there can be small differences in spectral emissions compared to cells, resulting in spillover values that differ when compared to biological controls. It is strongly recommended that when using a reagent for the first time, users compare the spillover on cells and BD CompBead to ensure that BD CompBeads are appropriate for your specific cellular application.
Product Notices
- Researchers should determine the optimal concentration of this reagent for their individual applications.
- The production process underwent stringent testing and validation to assure that it generates a high-quality conjugate with consistent performance and specific binding activity. However, verification testing has not been performed on all conjugate lots.
- An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- Alexa Fluor® is a registered trademark of Life Technologies Corporation.
- Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
- This product is provided under an Agreement between BIOTIUM and BD Biosciences. This product, and only in the amount purchased by buyer, may be used solely for buyer’s own internal research, in a manner consistent with the accompanying product literature. No other right to use, sell or otherwise transfer (a) this product, or (b) its components is hereby granted expressly, by implication or by estoppel. This product is for research use only. Diagnostic uses require a separate license from Biotium, Inc. For information on purchasing a license to this product including for purposes other than research, contact Biotium, Inc., 3159 Corporate Place, Hayward, CA 94545, Tel: (510) 265-1027. Fax: (510) 265-1352. Email: btinfo@biotium.com.
Companion Products
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The 3A9 monoclonal antibody recognizes CD195, which is also known as the chemokine receptor, CCR5, a seven transmembrane-spanning G protein-associated molecule. The 3A9 antibody also reportedly cross-reacts with human CCR8. Results of epitope mapping and sequence comparison between CCR5 and CCR8 reveals that the first three amino acid residues for these two receptors are identical: MDY (Met-Asp-Tyr). CCR5 belongs to the β-chemokine receptor family. It is expressed on subsets of T lymphocytes, NK cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. CCR5 regulates lymphocyte chemotaxis activation and transendothelial migration during inflammation. It signals a response to at least three chemokines: RANTES and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1) α and β. Additionally, CCR5 has been found to be a co-receptor for macrophage-tropic HIV-1 on CD4+ cells, a characteristic that is important in viral transmission. Reports indicate that individuals who have partial (heterozygous) or complete (homozygous) deletion of the CCR5 allele, demonstrate resistance to HIV infection. CCR5 has been clustered as CD195 in the VIIth HLDA workshop.
The antibody was conjugated to BD Horizon Red 718, which has been developed exclusively for BD Biosciences as a better alternative to Alexa Fluor® 700. BD Horizon Red 718 can be excited by the red laser (628 – 640 nm) and, with an Em Max around 718 nm, it can be detected using a 730/45 nm filter. Due to similar excitation and emission properties, we do not recommend using R718 in combination with APC-R700 or Alexa Fluor® 700.
Development References (10)
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Campbell JJ, Qin S, Unutmaz D, et al. Unique subpopulations of CD56+ NK and NK-T peripheral blood lymphocytes identified by chemokine receptor expression repertoire. J Immunol. 2001; 166(11):6477-6482. (Biology: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Choe H, Farzan M, Sun Y, et al. The beta-chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR5 facilitate infection by primary HIV-1 isolates. Cell. 1996; 85(7):1135-1148. (Biology). View Reference
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Dambra PP, Loria MP, D'Oronzio L, et al. The Cytokine Receptor Panel: Flow cytometry analysis on lymphocytes from neonates, young, aged normal donors, and from patients with HIV infection or AIDS. In: Mason D. David Mason .. et al., ed. Leucocyte typing VII : white cell differentiation antigens : proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop and Conference held in Harrogate, United Kingdom. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2002:269-271.
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Deng H, Liu R, Ellmeier W, et al. Identification of a major co-receptor for primary isolates of HIV-1. Nature. 1996; 381(6584):661-666. (Biology). View Reference
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Doranz BJ, Rucker J, Yi Y, et al. A dual-tropic primary HIV-1 isolate that uses fusin and the beta-chemokine receptors CKR-5, CKR-3, and CKR-2b as fusion cofactors. Cell. 1996; 85(7):1149-1158. (Biology). View Reference
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Hancock WW. Chemokines and the pathogenesis of T cell-dependent immune responses. Am J Pathol. 1996; 148(3):681-684. (Biology). View Reference
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Karlsson I, Malleret B, Brochard P, et al. FoxP3+ CD25+ CD8+ T-cell induction during primary simian immunodeficiency virus infection in cynomolgus macaques correlates with low CD4+ T-cell activation and high viral load. J Virol. 2007; 81(24):13444-13455. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Raport CJ, Gosling J, Schweickart VL, Gray PW, Charo IF. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a novel human CC chemokine receptor (CCR5) for RANTES, MIP-1beta, and MIP-1alpha. J Biol Chem. 1996; 271(29):17161-17166. (Biology). View Reference
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Rottman JB, Ganley KP, Williams K, Wu L, Mackay CR, Ringler DJ. Cellular localization of the chemokine receptor CCR5. Correlation to cellular targets of HIV-1 infection. Am J Pathol. 1997; 151(5):1341-1351. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Wu L, Paxton WA, Kassam N, et al. CCR5 levels and expression pattern correlate with infectability by macrophage-tropic HIV-1, in vitro. J Exp Med. 1997; 185(9):1681-1689. (Immunogen: Flow cytometry, Functional assay, Inhibition, Neutralization). View Reference
Please refer to Support Documents for Quality Certificates
Global - Refer to manufacturer's instructions for use and related User Manuals and Technical data sheets before using this products as described
Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD Technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.