Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
BD® CompBeads can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover (Compensation). When fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies are bound to BD® CompBeads, they have spectral properties very similar to cells. However, for some fluorochromes there can be small differences in spectral emissions compared to cells, resulting in spillover values that differ when compared to biological controls. It is strongly recommended that when using a reagent for the first time, users compare the spillover on cells and BD® CompBeads. This will ensure that BD® CompBeads are appropriate for your specific cellular application.
For optimal and reproducible results, BD Horizon Brilliant™ Stain Buffer should be used anytime BD Horizon Brilliant™ dyes are used in a multicolor flow cytometry panel. Fluorescent dye interactions may cause staining artifacts which may affect data interpretation. The BD Horizon Brilliant™ Stain Buffer was designed to minimize these interactions. When BD Horizon Brilliant™ Stain Buffer is used in in the multicolor panel, it should also be used in the corresponding compensation controls for all dyes to achieve the most accurate compensation. For the most accurate compensation, compensation controls created with either cells or beads should be exposed to BD Horizon Brilliant™ Stain Buffer for the same length of time as the corresponding multicolor panel. More information can be found in the Technical Data Sheet of the BD Horizon Brilliant™ Stain Buffer (Cat. No. 563794/566349) or the BD Horizon Brilliant™ Stain Buffer Plus (Cat. No. 566385).
Product Notices
- This reagent has been pre-diluted for use at the recommended Volume per Test. We typically use 1 × 10^6 cells in a 100-µl experimental sample (a test).
- An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
- For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
- BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer is covered by one or more of the following US patents: 8,110,673; 8,158,444; 8,575,303; 8,354,239.
- BD Horizon Brilliant Ultraviolet 395 is covered by one or more of the following US patents: 8,158,444; 8,575,303; 8,354,239.
- Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
Companion Products
The A1 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes human CD39 which is also known as Ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase 1 (Ecto-ATPase 1 or Ecto-ATPDase 1), Ecto-apyrase or NTPDase 1. CD39 is a ~78 kDa integral membrane glycoprotein that is encoded by ENTPD1 (Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1). CD39 contains two transmembrane domains, one having a N- and the other a C-terminal cytoplasmic tail, and a large extracellular domain that has the enzymatic site. CD39 is also known as Lymphoid cell activation antigen because its expression is induced upon activation of T and B cells. CD39 is variably expressed on some regulatory T cells, NK cells, granulocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, endothelial cells, platelets, and neurons. CD39 is a member of the ectonucleoside triphosphate dihydrolases (E-NTPDases) family that is involved in the regulation of extracellular nucleotide catabolism by controlling the extracellular nucleoside triphosphate pool (NTP). It functions as an ectoenzyme that can hydrolyze both nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates such as ATP and ADP and thereby suppress inflammation and regulate platelet activation as well as purinergic neurotransmission. The ectoenzymes CD39 and CD73 can act in tandem to enable regulatory T cells (Treg) to generate immunosuppressive adenosine and thereby regulate immune responses.
The antibody was conjugated to BD Horizon™ BUV395 which is part of the BD Horizon Brilliant™ Ultraviolet family of dyes. With an Ex Max near 348 nm and an Em Max near 395 nm, BD Horizon™ BUV395 can be excited by the ultraviolet laser (355 nm) laser and detected with a 379/28 filter. This dye has been exclusively developed by BD Biosciences as an optimal dye for use on instruments equipped with the ultraviolet laser and has virtually no spillover into any other detector.
Development References (6)
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Allard B, Longhi MS, Robson SC, Stagg J. The ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73: Novel checkpoint inhibitor targets.. Immunol Rev. 2017; 276(1):121-144. (Biology). View Reference
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Aversa GG, Suranyi MG, Waugh JA, Bishop AG, Hall BM. Detection of a late lymphocyte activation marker by A1, a new monoclonal antibody.. Transplant Proc. 1988; 20(1):49-52. (Immunogen: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Aversa GG, Waugh JA, Bishop GA, Hall BM. Use of monoclonal antibodies to study in vivo and in vitro-activated lymphocytes.. Transplant Proc. 1989; 21(1 Pt 1):349-50. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Gouttefangeas C, Mansur I, Bensussan A, Boumsell L. Biochemical analysis and epitope mapping of mAb defining CD39. In: Schlossman SF. Stuart F. Schlossman .. et al., ed. Leucocyte typing V : white cell differentiation antigens : proceedings of the fifth international workshop and conference held in Boston, USA, 3-7 November, 1993. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1995:383-385.
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Häusler SF, Del Barrio IM, Diessner J, et al. Anti-CD39 and anti-CD73 antibodies A1 and 7G2 improve targeted therapy in ovarian cancer by blocking adenosine-dependent immune evasion.. Am J Transl Res. 2014; 6(2):129-39. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry, Functional assay, Inhibition). View Reference
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Jones M, Mason DY. CD39 Workshop Panel report. In: Kishimoto T. Tadamitsu Kishimoto .. et al., ed. Leucocyte typing VI : white cell differentiation antigens : proceedings of the sixth international workshop and conference held in Kobe, Japan, 10-14 November 1996. New York: Garland Pub.; 1997:157-159.
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Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD Technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.