Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
BD™ CompBeads can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover (Compensation). When fluorochrome conjugated antibodies are bound to CompBeads, they have spectral properties very similar to cells. However, for some fluorochromes there can be small differences in spectral emissions compared to cells, resulting in spillover values that differ when compared to biological controls. It is strongly recommended that when using a reagent for the first time, users compare the spillover on cells and CompBead to ensure that BD Comp beads are appropriate for your specific cellular application.
For optimal and reproducible results, BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer should be used anytime two or more BD Horizon Brilliant dyes are used in the same experiment. Fluorescent dye interactions may cause staining artifacts which may affect data interpretation. The BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer was designed to minimize these interactions. More information can be found in the Technical Data Sheet of the BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer (Cat. No. 563794/566349) or the BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer Plus (Cat. No. 566385).
Product Notices
- Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
- An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
- Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
- Pacific Blue™ is a trademark of Molecular Probes, Inc., Eugene, OR.
- Although hamster immunoglobulin isotypes have not been well defined, BD Biosciences Pharmingen has grouped Armenian and Syrian hamster IgG monoclonal antibodies according to their reactivity with a panel of mouse anti-hamster IgG mAbs. A table of the hamster IgG groups, Reactivity of Mouse Anti-Hamster Ig mAbs, may be viewed at http://www.bdbiosciences.com/documents/hamster_chart_11x17.pdf.
- BD Horizon Brilliant Violet 421 is covered by one or more of the following US patents: 8,158,444; 8,362,193; 8,575,303; 8,354,239.
- BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer is covered by one or more of the following US patents: 8,110,673; 8,158,444; 8,575,303; 8,354,239.
- Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
Companion Products
The J43 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes CD279 which is also known as PD-1 (programmed death-1). CD279 is a 50-55-kDa glycoprotein encoded by the Pdcd1 gene of the CD28 family of the Ig superfamily. The expression of Pdcd1 mRNA and PD-1 protein is tightly regulated. PD-1 is transiently expressed on CD4-CD8 thymocytes, it is upregulated on some cell lines upon induction of apoptosis, it is induced on thymocytes and splenic T and B lymphocytes after stimulation through their antigen receptors, and it is induced on activated myeloid cells. In addition, Pdcd1 mRNA is transiently expressed in developing B lymphocytes at the pro-B-cell stage. The presence of an ITIM (Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Inhibitory Motif) on PD-1's intracytoplasmic region and the development of splenomegaly and breakdown of peripheral tolerance in PD-1[-/-] mice suggest that PD-1 is involved in the negative regulation of immune responses. The PD-1 ligands, B7-H1 (also known as PD-L1, CD274) and B7-DC (PD-L2, CD273), are members of the B7 family of the Ig superfamily. The J43 antibody blocks the binding of PD-1 to its two ligands.
The antibody was conjugated to BD Horizon BV421 which is part of the BD Horizon Brilliant™ Violet family of dyes. With an Ex Max near 407 nm and Em Max near 421 nm, BD Horizon BV421 can be excited by the violet laser (405 nm) and detected with a 450/50 nm filter. BD Horizon BV421 conjugates are very bright, often exhibiting a 10 fold improvement in brightness compared to Pacific BlueTM conjugates. Due to nearly identical excitation and emission properties but different spillover characteristics, BD Horizon BV421, Pacific Blue, and BD Horizon V450 cannot be used simultaneously.
Development References (9)
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Agata Y, Kawasaki A, Nishimura H, et al. Expression of the PD-1 antigen on the surface of stimulated mouse T and B lymphocytes. Int Immunol. 1996 May; 8(5):765-772. (Immunogen: Flow cytometry, Immunoprecipitation). View Reference
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Ansari MJ, Salama AD, Chitnis T, et al. The programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway regulates autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. J Exp Med. 2003 July; 198(1):63-69. (Biology). View Reference
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Carreno BM, Collins M. The B7 family of ligands and its receptors: New pathways for costimulation and inhibition of immune responses. Annu Rev Immunol. 2002; 20:29-53. (Biology). View Reference
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Finger LR, Pu J, Wasserman R, et al. The human PD-1 gene: complete cDNA, genomic organization, and developmentally regulated expression in B cell progenitors. Gene. 1997 September; 197(1-2):177-187. (Biology). View Reference
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Nishimura H, Agata Y, Kawasaki A, et al. Developmentally regulated expression of the PD-1 protein on the surface of double-negative (CD4-CD8-) thymocytes. Int Immunol. 1996 May; 8(5):773-780. (Biology). View Reference
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Nishimura H, Minato N, Nakano T, Honjo T. Immunological studies on PD-1 deficient mice: implication of PD-1 as a negative regulator for B cell responses. Int Immunol. 1998; 10(10):1563-1572. (Biology). View Reference
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Salama AD, Chitnis T, Imitola J, et al. Critical role of the programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway in regulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Exp Med. 2003 July; 198(1):71-78. (Clone-specific: Blocking). View Reference
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The Jackson Laboratory. Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Mouse Genome Informatics Web Site. Available: http://www.informatics.jax.org September, 2003.
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Tsushima F, Iwai H, Otsuki N, et al. Preferential contribution of B7-H1 to programmed death-1-mediated regulation of hapten-specific allergic inflammatory responses. Eur J Immunol. 2003; 33(10):2773-2782. (Clone-specific). View Reference
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For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.